The University founded the Department of Agricultural Engineering in 1904 to assist state farmers by applying scientific research to solve practical agricultural problems. The work of Edward Jones and Floyd Duffee illustrate the department's many contributions. Jones pioneered important discoveries in soil drainage and erosion control. Duffee was a leader in rural electrification studies. He also designed the first forage harvester, initiated the first state farm safety program in the nation, and played leading roles in developing large capacity trench silo designs and the hot-air seed corn dryer. The building also housed the first meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1907 and Aldo Leopold's innovative Department of Wildlife Ecology, which he established in 1933.

State Architect Arthur Peabody chose a Period Revival design for the Agricultural Engineering building to harmonize with the Beaux Arts design of Henry Mall and its existing buildings. Its rectangular, symmetrical façade, enhanced with classical details, gives it a formal appearance. This creative interpretation of Georgian Revival design includes returned eaves and a denticulated cornice at the roofline. Large semi-circular windows are set within classical pediments centered on the north, south and east facades.

The building is open to students and staff during regular school hours.