Socialist reformer, politician, b. Ashland, Pa. He moved with his parents to Wisconsin (1865) and to Milwaukee (1869). He attended public schools, became a woodcarver, and studied that trade for six years in Germany. He was converted to socialism while in Germany, and on his return he helped organize Milwaukee's socialists and was instrumental in forming the Social Democratic party, a socialist organization that emphasized gradualness, political action, and reform. In 1904 he was one of nine Soc

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[Source: Dictionary of Wisconsin biography]